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Kinship and Family Systems

Cousin Marriage

Marriage Systems

Cousin marriage is a marriage between spouses who are cousins, meaning they share a common grandparent or other fairly recent ancestor. The practice was common in earlier historical periods and remains common in some societies today, with more than ten percent of marriages worldwide estimated to be between first or second cousins, making it a significant topic in anthropology and alliance theory. Cultural attitudes vary widely: in some societies cousin marriage is considered an ideal match and is actively encouraged and expected, in others it is regarded as incestuous and subject to social stigma and taboo, and in still others it is viewed neutrally, neither encouraged nor condemned though not typically the norm. The practice was historically documented among Aboriginal peoples of Australia, Indigenous peoples of North and South America, and Polynesian and Melanesian societies, and it remains legally prohibited in a number of jurisdictions today, including China, North Korea, South Korea, the Philippines, for Hindus in parts of India, several Balkan countries, Belgium, Lithuania, and thirty of the fifty United States, eight of which criminalize it outright.

Facts
Descent RuleSourced to the subject's own account
Correlates with unilineal descent generally, either matrilineal or patrilineal, under alliance theory: cross-cousin marriage builds alliances between descent groups under either system, while parallel-cousin marriage is endogamous within the same lineage and was historically favored in the patrilineal, agnatic kinship systems of the Middle East. 1
Typical RegionSourced to the subject's own account
The Middle East and Indian subcontinent, outside India and Nepal, most strongly favor the practice; the Middle East has uniquely high rates among the world's regions, for example an estimated 33 percent of marriages in Iraq and 54 percent in Qatar, while worldwide more than 10 percent of marriages are between first or second cousins. 1
Descent Rule
Descent Rule (category)Sourced to the subject's own account
Patrilineal Descent 1
Descent Rule (category)Sourced to the subject's own account
Matrilineal Descent 1
Descent Rule (category)Sourced to the subject's own account
Endogamy 1
Connections

Associated With

Cross-cousin marriage is the most widely documented and anthropologically significant specific form of the broader cousin marriage category.

Endogamy, Kinship and Family Systems

Cousin marriage is a classic and widely documented form of endogamous marriage, keeping alliance and property within an extended kin group.

In Rule Category

Shaped By

Source Wikipedia: Cousin Marriage

Studied By

Source Wikipedia: Cousin Marriage
Source Wikipedia: Cousin Marriage
Source Wikipedia: Cousin Marriage
Sources
1. Wikipedia: Cousin Marriage
Wikipedia
  • Anthropological theories section, on cross-cousin marriage and descent
    cross-cousin marriage as a form of exogamy in the context of a unilineal descent group, meaning either matrilineal or patrilineal descent.
  • History section and Middle East prevalence subsection
    The Middle East has uniquely high rates of cousin marriage among the world's regions.
  • Lead paragraph, prevalence statistic
    Worldwide, more than 10% of marriages are between first or second cousins.
  • Shaped By: Alliance Theory, Lead
    Cousin marriage is an important topic in anthropology and alliance theory.
  • Studied By: Claude Lévi-Strauss, Article body sentence quoted
    Cousin marriage is important in several anthropological theories by prominent authors such as Claude Lévi-Strauss, Sir Edward Tylor, Lewis Henry Morgan and Joseph Henrich.
  • Studied By: Edward Burnett Tylor, Article body sentence quoted
    Cousin marriage is important in several anthropological theories by prominent authors such as Claude Lévi-Strauss, Sir Edward Tylor, Lewis Henry Morgan and Joseph Henrich.
  • Studied By: Lewis Henry Morgan, Article body sentence quoted
    Cousin marriage is important in several anthropological theories by prominent authors such as Claude Lévi-Strauss, Sir Edward Tylor, Lewis Henry Morgan and Joseph Henrich.
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