Cross-cousin marriage is marriage between cousins descended through parents of different sexes, a person's mother's brother's children or father's sister's children, as distinct from parallel-cousin marriage (father's brother's children or mother's sister's children). It is documented very widely: rates reach 25 to 30 percent of marriages in Arab countries and 46 percent in Afghanistan, cross-cousin and uncle-niece unions jointly account for roughly 30 percent of marriages in South India outside Kerala, and the practice is recorded historically among Aboriginal Australians and in North America, South America, Polynesia and Melanesia. Claude Levi-Strauss's alliance theory treats the systematic preference for cross-cousin marriage across many historically unrelated cultures as evidence that marriage functions as a structured exchange of spouses between descent groups, in deliberate opposition to the functionalist, descent-centered account associated with A. R. Radcliffe-Brown; the linked open question records that dispute. This description is adapted from Wikipedia contributors under CC BY-SA 4.0; changes were made. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/
Facts
Descent RuleSourced to the subject's own accountMarriage is directed toward a specific category of cousin defined by the sex of the linking parents: a mother's brother's child or father's sister's child (cross-cousin) rather than a father's brother's child or mother's sister's child (parallel-cousin). Cross-cousin and uncle-niece unions are common in South India, except in Kerala, jointly accounting for some 30 percent of marriages there. 1 Descent RuleSourced to the subject's own accountPatrilateral cross-cousin marriage, to a father's sister's child, is the rarest of the cross-cousin marriage types; some ethnographers have questioned whether it is genuinely practiced anywhere, in contrast to the far more commonly documented matrilateral form. 2 Typical RegionSourced to the subject's own accountHistorically and currently practiced across the Middle East and South Asia (25 to 30 percent of marriages in Arab countries, 46 percent in Afghanistan), South India outside Kerala (about 30 percent jointly with uncle-niece unions), and recorded historically among Aboriginal Australians and in North America, South America, Polynesia and Melanesia. 1 FAQs
What is the difference between cross-cousin and parallel-cousin marriage?
Cross-cousin marriage is to a mother's brother's or father's sister's child, cousins linked through parents of different sexes; parallel-cousin marriage is to a father's brother's or mother's sister's child, cousins linked through same-sex siblings, and the two are treated very differently across societies that permit cousin marriage at all.
Cross-cousin marriage is marriage between cousins descended through parents of different sexes: a person's mother's brother's children or father's sister's children. Parallel-cousin marriage is the other case, cousins descended through parents of the same sex, a father's brother's children or a mother's sister's children. The distinction matters because many societies that permit or favor one form treat the other quite differently: parallel-cousin marriage has historically been favored within the patrilineal, agnatic kinship systems of the Middle East, keeping property inside one paternal lineage, while cross-cousin marriage instead builds an alliance between two separate descent groups under either matrilineal or patrilineal systems. Cross-cousin marriage itself further divides into a matrilateral form, to a mother's brother's child, and a patrilateral form, to a father's sister's child, with the patrilateral form the rarer of the two and, per some ethnographers, of uncertain real-world occurrence at all.
Connections
Associated With
Alliance theory treats the cross-cultural preference for cross-cousin marriage as its central evidence for marriage-as-exchange.
Source Wikipedia: Alliance Theory
Cross-cousin marriage is the most widely documented and anthropologically significant specific form of the broader cousin marriage category.
In many societies using Iroquois terminology, Ego was encouraged to marry a cross-cousin and discouraged or prohibited from marrying a parallel cousin.
Source Wikipedia: Iroquois Kinship
Cross-cousin marriage is a widely documented rule governing whom one may marry within the institution.
Source Wikipedia: Marriage
Tamil, Social Groups Cross-cousin marriage is a normative, widely documented marriage preference within Tamil and other Dravidian-speaking kinship systems of South India and Sri Lanka.
Source Wikipedia: Cross-Cousin Marriage
Shaped By
Source Wikipedia: Alliance Theory
Studied By
Source Wikipedia: Cousin Marriage
Source Wikipedia: Cousin Marriage
Source Wikipedia: Cousin Marriage
Sources
1. Wikipedia: Cross-Cousin Marriage
WikipediaPrevalence/India section
Cross-cousin and uncle-niece unions are common in South India (except in Kerala) jointly accounting for some 30% of marriages
- In Category: Kinship and Family Systems
View the Source 2. Wikipedia: Cousin Marriage
WikipediaCross-cousin marriage discussion, patrilateral rarity sentence
Patrilateral cross-cousin marriage is the rarest of all types of cousin marriage, and there is some question as to whether it even exists.
Studied By: Claude Lévi-Strauss, Article body sentence quoted
Cousin marriage is important in several anthropological theories by prominent authors such as Claude Lévi-Strauss, Sir Edward Tylor, Lewis Henry Morgan and Joseph Henrich.
Studied By: Edward Burnett Tylor, Article body sentence quoted
Cousin marriage is important in several anthropological theories by prominent authors such as Claude Lévi-Strauss, Sir Edward Tylor, Lewis Henry Morgan and Joseph Henrich.
Studied By: Lewis Henry Morgan, Article body sentence quoted
Cousin marriage is important in several anthropological theories by prominent authors such as Claude Lévi-Strauss, Sir Edward Tylor, Lewis Henry Morgan and Joseph Henrich.
View the Source Wikipedia: Marriage
Wikipedia: Alliance Theory
Wikipedia- Associated With: Alliance Theory
- Shaped By: Claude Lévi-Strauss
View the Source Wikipedia: Iroquois Kinship
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