A kibbutz is a collective community institution originating in early twentieth-century Ottoman and later British Mandate Palestine, historically organized around communal ownership of property, shared labor, primarily in agriculture, and collective responsibility for child-rearing, dining and daily life among its members. The kibbutz movement grew alongside Zionist settlement and Israeli nation-building, with kibbutzim playing an outsized role in the country's early political, military and agricultural leadership relative to their small share of the population. Many kibbutzim have since the late twentieth century moved away from strict collectivism toward more privatized economic arrangements, though the institution remains a distinctive and widely studied example of intentional communal living.
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The kibbutz is a form of intentional collective agricultural settlement rooted in the broader cooperative movement's principles of shared ownership and collective labor.
The kibbutz was founded on collective rather than private property, with land, housing and the means of production held communally by its members.
In the Other Atlases
- Also in Geography Atlas: Israel, originated there.
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