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Social Theorist

Julian Steward

Anthropology

Julian Steward was an American anthropologist who founded cultural ecology, an approach analyzing how a society's core social and economic institutions adapt to the specific environment and subsistence technology available to it. In Theory of Culture Change (1955) he proposed a theory of multilinear evolution, arguing against both the older idea of a single universal sequence of cultural stages and the opposing view that every culture's history is entirely unique, and holding instead that similar environments and technologies tend to produce recurrent, comparable patterns of social organization across otherwise unrelated societies. Steward's method of comparing societies by the specific ecological adaptations of their core institutions, developed through his own fieldwork among Great Basin peoples, shaped later ecological and evolutionary approaches in anthropology, including the cultural materialism of his student Marvin Harris.

Facts
Birth Date
1902-01-31 1
Birth Year
1902 1
Death Date
1972-02-06 1
Death Year
1972 1
Birthplace
Washington, D.C. 1
Nationality / Culture
American 1
Defining Contribution
Developed the theory of multilinear cultural evolution and the method of cultural ecology, analyzing how societies adapt to their specific environments and subsistence technologies. 1
Notable Work
Theory of Culture Change (1955) 1
Julian Steward
Filter Results2 entries
Connections

Rejected Here

Leslie White, Social Theorists

Steward framed his multilinear cultural evolution explicitly against White universal evolutionary model.

Source Julian Steward (Wikipedia)

Informed By

Source Julian Steward (Wikipedia)
Source Julian Steward (Wikipedia)
In the Other Atlases
Sources
1. Julian Steward (Wikipedia)
Wikipedia
  • opening paragraph, infobox line (birth date)
    Julian Haynes Steward (January 31, 1902, February 6, 1972) was an American anthropologist known best for his role in developing
  • opening paragraph, infobox line (birth year)
    Julian Haynes Steward (January 31, 1902, February 6, 1972) was an American anthropologist known best for his role in developing
  • Early life and education section, opening sentence
    Steward was born in Washington, D.C., where he lived on Monroe Street, NW
  • opening paragraph, infobox line (death date)
    Julian Haynes Steward (January 31, 1902, February 6, 1972) was an American anthropologist known best for his role in developing
  • opening paragraph, infobox line (death year)
    Julian Haynes Steward (January 31, 1902, February 6, 1972) was an American anthropologist known best for his role in developing
  • opening paragraph, infobox line (nationality)
    Julian Haynes Steward (January 31, 1902, February 6, 1972) was an American anthropologist known best for his role in developing
  • References section, Steward bibliography entry
    Steward, Julian H. Theory of Culture Change. University of Illinois Press, 1990.
  • Work and influence section, opening paragraph
    Steward is notable for developing a more nomothetic, social-scientific style.
  • Informed By: Robert Lowie, Early life and education section, Berkeley paragraph (Lowie)
    As an undergraduate, Steward studied for a year at UC Berkeley, with two of his professors being Alfred Kroeber and Robert Lowie
  • Informed By: Alfred L. Kroeber, Early life and education section, Berkeley paragraph (Kroeber)
    As an undergraduate, Steward studied for a year at UC Berkeley, with two of his professors being Alfred Kroeber and Robert Lowie
  • Associated With: Leslie White, Work and influence section, multilinear vs universal paragraph
    In evolutionary terms, he described cultural ecology as "multi-linear", in contrast to the unilinear typological models popular during the 19th century, and Leslie White's "universal" model
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